Insulation testing is important to protect and extend the life of electrical systems and motors. Regular maintenance testing can provide valuable information about the state of the motor insulation, determine where performance issues are occurring, and help predict possible system failures. Identifying and correcting problems to prevent complete failures will not only save the system from failure, but also extend the life of a wide range of equipment.
What information does I need to gain from insulation resistance testing to ensure the sustainability and success of a preventive maintenance program?
Comprehensive, high-quality data is the foundation for the success of every preventive maintenance program. Good record-keeping practices should cover the list of items (as shown in Figure 1) and make the process simpler and less time-consuming. The Fluke 1587 FC and Fluke Connect® software offer three important advantages over alternatives on the market:
With Fluke Connect tools and software, test results can be transferred from the tool to the software. This includes not only the insulation resistance value and the test timestamp, but also relevant information such as the output test voltage, test duration, and temperature compensation (see page 2 for details).
Data can be organized by device or work order with a single click.
Text and voice messages can be entered, making it easy to communicate and share.
How do you know if a certain insulation resistance value is good or bad?
Insulation resistance spot checks should be performed at regular intervals (e.g., every 6 months) to track changes in insulation integrity over the lifetime of the motor or critical equipment.
When you have several months of test results, Fluke Connect Assets software (sold separately) automatically generates trend graphs based on historical spot check results (see Figure 2). From this graph, it's easy to identify performance degradation issues and make real-time decisions in the field.
What is Fluke Connect®?
Fluke Connect is a preventative maintenance software platform that wirelessly connects Fluke test tools to smartphones and the cloud to view, plot, share, and store measurement data for trending and further analysis. The complete system includes test instruments with FC capability as well as an iOS or Android app, as well as web-based software that can be used via a computer.
Workers utilize test instruments Staff utilize test instruments or vibration-data, and a mobile app automatically saves the data and uploads it to the cloud. The software helps organize the data and provides management analytics tools to make better maintenance decisions.
Maintenance and troubleshooting via Fluke Connect
Test tools
Tablets, smartphones, laptops
Cloud servers
Figure 1. A complete maintenance record contains not only the measurement data at that point in time, but also detailed information about the device under test, test parameters, and instructions related to the work order.
Test data and timestamps
Insulation resistance value
Output test voltage
Test voltage range
Test time
Device temperature compensation
The name of the device under test
The work order number
Text annotations
Voice annotation
Export test results
Another way to test insulation integrity is to perform polarization index (PI) and dielectric absorption ratio (DAR) tests. PI is defined as the ratio of the 10-minute resistance value to the 1-minute resistance value. The dielectric absorption ratio of the dielectric is expressed as the ratio of the 60 seconds resistance value to the 30 second resistance value. With the 1587FC and Fluke Connect software, you can view real-time trend graphs for both tests (see Figure 3) to quickly identify moisture and contaminated insulation issues
Why is temperature compensation important during insulation resistance testing? What should I do?
The basic principle is that when the temperature increases, the resistance in the insulation decreases.
According to the IEEE 43 standard, all resistance measurements should be corrected to use a constant, compensated temperature of 40 °C (104 °F). Above the above baseline temperature, the resistance value is halved for every 10 °C (18 °F) deviation. The resistance value doubles for every 10 °C (18 °F) below the baseline value.
Figure 2. Insulation resistance spot check trend chart
The motor was put into use
Pollution, aging and other effects
Motor insulation failure
The state after rewrapping
Change the device status, flag the problem
Figure 3. PI/DAR test chart
Two timing resistance tests: PI/DAR
10/1 minute ratio: If it is less than 2.0, the insulation condition may be damaged
The slope of the curve indicates the state of insulation. The resistance of a good insulation (curve 3) will continue to increase.
Wet or cracked insulation (Curve 4) will show a relatively constant resistance.
To achieve this, the Fluke Connect® software performs calculations including temperature compensation. All you need to do is take a temperature reading of the device under test. The Fluke 1587 FC Insulated Multimeter is capable of contact temperature measurement and transmits data directly to the Fluke Connect app on your phone (see Figure 1). Manual calculations are a thing of the past, and you can schedule regular tests and accurate resistance measurements as part of your preventative maintenance program.
How do I share test results with my boss and colleagues?
Once you have captured the finished test results, the results will be automatically uploaded to the FlukeCloud™ storage. You can share that data with colleagues on your team. As the team builds and grows over time, everyone on the team has access to measurement data. All data is kept in one place, and there are no data silos.
In addition, with the Fluke Connect® app, reports (see Figure 4) can be quickly generated in the field and sent via email. This way, you'll be able to quickly get answers to your questions or authorization for the next step
Figure 4. Use FlukeCloud storage to save test results, create reports in the field, and share them with colleagues.
Fluke 1587 FC Insulated Multimeter
The Fluke 1587 FC combines a digital insulation tester and a full-featured, true RMS digital multimeter in a small, handheld instrument for broad versatility for both troubleshooting and preventative maintenance. Four powerful diagnostic capabilities are available through the Fluke Connect® platform:
PI/DAR timing ratio test with TrendIt™ graphics for faster identification of moisture and contaminated insulation issues.
Storage with Fluke Connect eliminates the need to write results by hand, reduces errors, and saves historical trend data over time.
Implement temperature compensation through the app to create correct baselines and associated historical comparisons.
Asset tracking and trend history to identify degradation over time, enabling real-time decision-making in the field with Fluke Connect Assets' asset management capabilities (sold separately).
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