1. PCI is the abbreviation of Peripheral Component Interconnect (peripheral component interconnection standard), which is the primary expansion slot of industrial computers, and it is also the type of slot with the most onboard boards of industrial motherboards, ATX structure industrial motherboards generally have 4-6 PCI slots, and MINI-ITX industrial motherboards can also have PCI slots, which are widely used.
The PCI bus is a tree-like structure and is independent of the CPU bus and can be operated in parallel with the CPU bus. Only one PCI master is allowed on the PCI bus, and the others are PCI slaves, and the read and write operations can only be carried out between the master and slave devices, and the data exchange needs between the slave devices are transferred through the master device.
Characteristic:
1. High transmission rate
The maximum data transfer rate is 132MB/s, and when the data width is upgraded to 64-bit, the data transfer rate can reach 264MB/s. It greatly alleviates the data I/O bottleneck, so that the function of the high-performance CPU can be fully exerted, and the data transmission needs of high-speed equipment can be adapted.
2. Multi-bus coexistence
The PCI bus allows multiple buses to coexist in a single system, allowing devices of different speeds to work together. Through the HOST-PCI bridge component chip, the CPU bus and the PCI bus are bridged; Through the PCI-ISA/EISA bridge component chip, the PCI bus is bridged with the ISA/EISA bus to form a hierarchical multi-bus system. High-speed equipment is removed from the ISA/EISA bus and moved to the PCI bus, while low-speed equipment can still be hung on the ISA/EISA bus, inheriting the original resources and expanding the compatibility of the industrial computer system.
3. Independent of CPU
The PCI bus is not attached to a specific processor, that is, the PCI bus supports a variety of processors and new processors developed in the future.
2. CompactPCI, i.e., CPCI, compact PCI. In terms of electrical characteristics, the CPCI bus is based on the PCI electrical standard, which deals with the incompatibility of bus skills such as VME and the PCI bus, so that the skills such as X86 architecture and hard disk storage of the PC can be used in the industrial field. In addition, due to major improvements in interfaces and other local areas, industrial servers and industrial computers using CPCI technology have the advantages of high reliability and high density.
In terms of mechanical structure, the CPCI bus structure uses Eurocard connectors and standard 3U and 6U board sizes. In addition, the CPCI bus is very resistant to vibrations and ventilation, and it is also able to remove the board from the front panel of the industrial motherboard, making it extremely easy to replace and repair the board.
Characteristic:
1. Continue to use PCI part of the bus skills.
2. Throw away the traditional mechanical structure of IPC, improve the heat dissipation conditions, improve the ability to resist oscillation impact, and meet the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility.
3. Throw away the gold finger interconnection method of PCI and use a pinhole connector with a density of 2mm, which has air tightness and anti-corrosion, further improves the reliability and increases the load capacity.
3. PXI (PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation) is a modular instrument channel customized for industrial data collection and automation, with mechanical, electrical and software and other professional characteristics. It is an extension of the CompactPCI standard that combines the electrical bus features of PCI with the ruggedness, modularity and Eurocard mechanical packaging of CompactPCI, with the addition of a dedicated synchronization bus and overarching software features.
As a result, PXI products have higher-level, more well-defined environmental consistency targets that meet the limits of oscillation, impact, temperature, and humidity in industrial environments. PXI mandates the addition of environmental function testing and active cooling to the CompactPCI mechanical standard to simplify system integration and ensure interoperability between different vendors. In addition, PXI also makes up for the punctuality and triggering characteristics of the measurement and automation system on the basis of the high-speed PCI bus, and is a high-functional, low-cost transportation channel for the measurement and automation system. It can be used in the fields of production test, aviation, rail transit, machine monitoring, car production and industrial testing.
Overall, PXI is a rugged, modular instrument channel that proposes a highly functional standardized measurement and automation plan based on an industrial computer. Deliver features that are much better than legacy architectures at a reasonable price. PXI users naturally enjoy a lot of conveniences, such as cheap, easy-to-use, and responsive PC skills; Open industry standards and full interoperability with CompactPCI products.
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