The industrial control motherboard is an important part of the industrial computer, which can get used to the messy environment and long-term high-load work on the industrial site. The differences from commercial motherboards are:
First, the materials and planning of components
Commercial motherboards
Because of its fast upgrading, commercial motherboards are looking for the timeliness of the product and the market positioning of their own products. For example, capacitors, commercial motherboards are many general electrolytic capacitors, one is for the use of commercial market products, and the other is for the cost of reducing the cost of the motherboard.
Industrial control motherboard
1. The components of the industrial control motherboard
The selection of materials for industrial control motherboards will select components that have undergone long-term and high-demand verification to ensure that the products have high reliability requirements under messy conditions.
2. The capacitance of the industrial control motherboard
The industrial control motherboard is made of high-quality SMD solid capacitors, tantalum capacitors, and ceramic capacitors. Commercial motherboards are basically many pin electrolytic capacitors, because the electrolytic capacitors have low cost and large capacitance value, and one can top multiple SMD or tank capacitors. In terms of properties, the stability of electrolytic capacitors is not as high as that of tantalum capacitors and ceramic capacitors, the service life is not as long as them, and the degree of high temperature resistance is not as good as them. Chip capacitors are more stable than pin capacitors. In terms of price, tantalum capacitors are more expensive than general electrolytic capacitors, and because the capacitance of tantalum capacitors is smaller, when used in the motherboard, more capacitors need to be used, and the cost of tantalum capacitors alone is dozens of times that of electrolytic capacitors, which is also one of the reasons why the cost of industrial control motherboards is higher than that of commercial motherboards.
3. PCB of industrial control motherboard
The commercial motherboard is a 4-layer PCB plan, and the general PCB circuit board is divided into four layers, the top and bottom two layers are the signal layer, the middle two layers are the ground layer and the power supply layer, and the ground and power layer are placed in the middle. The industrial control motherboard is selected for the planning of more than 6 layers of PCB circuit boards, which is planned to strengthen the motherboard's anti-electromagnetic disturbance, electromagnetic compatibility ability, and enhance the stability of the motherboard.
4. The service cycle of the industrial control motherboard
Different from the 2 to 3 years service cycle of commercial motherboards, most of the industrial control motherboards require more than 3 years of service cycle, and some high-quality industrial control motherboards even have a service life of 5-7 years.
2. CPU differences
1. CPU power consumption
The industrial control motherboard is generally a low-power CPU, so as to get used to the chaotic environment of the industrial control profession.
2. CPU circuit planning
Because the industrial control motherboard needs to be accustomed to the industrial use environment with wide temperature and wide voltage, the voltage scale of the industrial control motherboard is wider than that of the commercial motherboard, and the voltage scale of the industrial control motherboard is generally between 9 and 36V. Regarding the circuit layout and planning of the CPU, the requirements are becoming more and more refined.
3. The anti-electromagnetic wave disturbance can be different
Because of the market positioning and good application environment of commercial motherboards, their products will generally only do commercial-grade electromagnetic compatibility tests, and the anti-electromagnetic interference can be low. Because of the industrial market, the industrial control motherboard can have high requirements for opposing electromagnetic wave disturbance, and it needs to be tested and certified by EMI, EMC, etc.
3. Production scheduling process and testing process
Industrial control motherboards are developed according to a certain use in many cases, and may only be used to a certain use, so its use is very limited, while commercial motherboards are popular, so it can be put into production at one time very large. Because of the output value, the industrial control motherboard will be much higher than the commercial motherboard's production cost sharing. This is also an aspect of the cost difference between industrial control motherboards and commercial motherboards.
Some large manufacturers test commercial motherboards through T3 three test processes: ICT, FUNTION, MANU. The vast majority of manufacturers have only gone through one test process for commercial motherboards: ICT. ICT is a line test, whether there is an open circuit, short circuit, this time does not add any peripherals (CPU, DIMM, etc.), the intention is to avoid the time of the FUNTION to burn out the fixture. The first thing about FUNTION is the function test, which will add CPU, DIMM and other peripherals, and do a boot test, where you will find all the problems, and you can go through the basic FUNTION. MANU is the actual test, all the peripherals are connected, boot test, compatibility test and so on.
Before the production of the industrial control motherboard, it is necessary to strictly go through multiple test processes T5-T7, in addition to ICT, FUNTION, MANU, but also to do tests, such as temperature, oscillation, security and other tests, to ensure the quality of each motherboard.
Fourth, the scale standard
ATX architecture is now the primary choice for commercial motherboards.
In order to get used to a variety of use environments, industrial control motherboards with high integration, small size, and various scale standards are selected, including 3-inch boards, 5-inch boards, ATX, Micro-ATX, LPX, half-length cards, full-length cards and other standards.
Fifth, the support of the interface
Commercial motherboards often only supply 4 PCI slots, because due to the PCI specification, basically the PCI4 driver can have considerable attenuation, so most commercial motherboards only provide 3 PCI slots.
In addition to supporting PCI and PCIE slots, the industrial control motherboard can also support Mini PCIE, COM port, USB port and other interfaces. Built-in GPIO bus, which can complete GPI and GPO functions. Moreover, industrial half-length cards and full-length cards can cooperate with the backplane to be more scalable, and support multiple PCI, PCIE, and Mini PCIE expansion. Of course, embedded motherboards such as 3.5-inch are classified as standard in the custom category, and their scalability will not be considered too much.
Sixth, the use of the environment
Industrial motherboards often work in a chaotic environment (wet, oscillating, dusty, radiation, high temperature, etc.), and most commercial motherboards can only run in a quiet environment (indoor, room temperature, etc.).
7. Protective function
Commercial motherboards do not provide any protection. After special planning, the industrial control motherboard can complete the functions of automatic restart of the watchdog and anti-surge impact in the event of abnormal conditions such as crashes, so as to ensure the high stability of the system in harsh environments.
8. Customization
Once the general commercial motherboard is produced, it can no longer be changed according to market demand, and there is no customized planning at all. The industrial control motherboard can flexibly meet the special needs of customers in the future, complete customization, and better and more perfect cooperation with customers' application needs.
The industrial control motherboard has undergone strict screening and testing from planning, materials, production and manufacturing to ensure the normal and reliable use of users, and the use of users can greatly reduce their use and protect costs in the process of use. In recent years, with the further maturity of skills, the sales volume of industrial control motherboards has become larger and larger, and the cost of industrial control motherboards has also decreased significantly, and its price has been continuously reduced to the price of commercial motherboards. In addition, the use of industrial control motherboards is becoming more and more extensive, which proves that the quality requirements of users for industrial control motherboards are improving, so users should be clear about their needs when choosing industrial control motherboards, and what industrial control motherboards are used in what occasions and in what environments.
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